On this day in 1848, more than 40,000 French workers initiated the June Days Uprising after the state closed National Workshops that provided work to the unemployed, causing 10,000 casualties and 4,000 workers to be deported to Algeria.
The National Workshops had only been formed a few months earlier, when, on February 25th, a group of armed workers interrupted a session of the provisional government to demand "the organization of labor" and "the right to work".
In late June, the Second Republic began planning to close the workshops, leading to a national uprising. In sections of the city, hundreds of barricades were thrown up. The National Guard was sent in to quell the rebellion, and workers seized weapons from local armories to fight back.
The violence, which lasted just three days, resulted in more than 10,000 casualties and 4,000 participants to be deported to Algeria. Among the dead was Denis Auguste Affre, Archbishop of Paris, killed while trying to negotiate peace with an angry crowd.
The rebellion was successfully crushed, and the episode put a hold on revolutionary ambitions of radical Republicans at the time. In its aftermath, the French Constitution of 1848 was adopted, mandating that executive power be wielded by a democratically elected president.
The first president under this framework was Napoleon Bonaparte, who dissolved the constitution during his first term in office.
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leaving aside the toxic narrative that romanticizes mental illness as some essential fire to the creative process, creatives (so like artists, writers, musicians, etc) are definitely more prone to mental illness right? like there just objectively is a (value-judgment-free) correlation there?
(no shade to my mostly-mentally-healthy creative brethren or my mentally-ill-but-not-particularly-creative brethren)
I think there's two factors at play here. Before we consider the actual numbers (I don't know the numbers)
1: Mental illness can be a smaller impairment to high level artistic achievement than high level achievement in some other fields. While there are still a lot of social conventions that apply to monetizing your art, there's less of having to fit within an institution unwilling to accommodate you in many instances to just make art. In fact art can be an outlet for many mentally ill people and help many deal with their illness in a way doing a 9-5 probably can't. So we may see more high achievers in artistic fields who are mentally ill and so that may affect the numbers or at least our perception of the numbers.
2: We talk about the mental illnesses of artists in a way we often don't talk about the mental illness of other famous people. When you have a mentally ill artist, their mental illness often ends up being central to the popular narrative about them in a way that the mental illnesses of a other high achievers typically isn't.
No one is going to tell you Gödels mathematical discoveries were reliant on his severe mental illness, no one is going to pretend we couldn't have had the theory of gravity without Newton's bouts of melancholia. Meanwhile assuming Sylvia Plath could only write as she did because of her suicidal depression is the norm.
I am of course talking entirely out my ass here.
not out of your ass at all!!
this is a point a friend of mine brought up actually when i was talking to them about this subject, i think there's a lot to it. i guess just in my own personal anecdotal experience though - through my friendships & dating life - even hobbyists are more drawn to these types of outlets as i guess a vehicle for certain inner hurts/mental illnesses, so even outside of (notable/mainstream-ly successful) high achievers it feels like there's something there. anecdotes be anecdoting though!