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submitted 4 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago) by thelastaxolotl@hexbear.net to c/chapotraphouse@hexbear.net

Patrice Emery Lumumba was born on 2 July 1925, at Onalua village near the Katako-Kombe Town in the Sankuru district of north-eastern Kasai, Congo (modern day the Democratic Republic of Congo). . Lumumba’s tribe was the Batetela (Tetela) which is a dynamic branch of the Mongo-Nkutshu family of central Congo. He grew up in a mud-brick house. The Congo was a colony of Belgium and, as such, he attended both Protestant and Catholic schools run by white Belgian missionaries. Lumumba was intelligent and used to ask too many problematic questions

Lumumba was ambitious and aimed for social mobility, predominantly to form part of the “evolue”, the upper strata of the middle class; the highest-level indigenous Congolese could attain in the Belgian colony. His first employment was at the Postal Office as a postal clerk in Stanleyville City in 1954. However, Lumumba was accused of embezzlement and was jailed in 1955. Due to an extensive interview with King Baudouin, when he visited the Congo in 1955, Lumumba’s sentence was reduced in 1956. Lumumba, after working for almost three years,was appointed as the sales director for a brewery company in Léopoldville (currently known as Kinshasa) in 1957. This is how Lumumba left Stanleyville (currently known as Kisangani) for the Congo's capital city, Kinshasa.

While Lumumba was working in Stanleyville, he joined the Belgian Liberal Political Party. When he relocated to Léopoldville to work at the brewery, he helped to find the Movement National Congolais (MNC) political party. Lumumba's good personality and public speaking skills won him many admirers, making him a focal point within the party. While in prison in 1955, Lumumba reconsidered his status as an evolue and made a major shift towards Pan-Africanism and Congolese nationalism. The notion of nationalism enabled different ethnic groups that made up the Congolese society to come together and fight against colonial economic exploitation, political repression and cultural oppression.

The Belgian led government, in 1959, announced that Congolese local elections should take place within five years to full Congolese independence. At the Luluabourg Congress meeting in April 1959, various political groups and some members of MNC that favoured a unitary form of government for the Congo chose Lumumba to lead them. Within the MNC, however, there were other leaders that considered Lumumba’s views as radical and not good for the nation. It is argued that the result of this difference of opinion, was a split in the MNC party in July 1959 with a majority of the members following Albert Kalonji. Even though Lumumba had left Stanleyville , he was briefly detained on charges of encouraging the outbreak of riots in Stanleyville in November 1959. He was released from detention in time to attend the Round Table Conference in Brussels which paved the way for Congo’s general elections. Lumumba was an effective speaker in each of the Congo's major vehicular languages as well as in French when compared to other Congolese leaders and this helped his campaigning.

After the May 1960 general elections, Congo achieved independence on 30 June 1960 with Lumumba as the leader of the largest single party. He was selected to become the Congo's first prime minister and his political rival, Joseph Kasavubu, became president of the Congo.

As the prime minister, Lumumba faced sudden emergencies.The Congolese elite feared Lumumba’s notion of nationalism and participatory democracy and thus they started revolting against him. The revolt of the army and the secession of the provinces of Katanga and Southern Kasai were further emergencies. Lumumba sent Congolese troops to Southern Kasai province in attempt to restore the situation but the poorly trained soldiers killed thousands of Congolese civilians. The United Nations, through Secretary General Hammerskjöld, blamed Lumumba for the massacre of civilians. Lumumba disliked Belgium and the UN for not helping to restore order and unity in Congo. The Congolese elite conspired with foreign states, specifically the CIA and US administration, to get rid of Lumumba. When Lumumba asked for military help from the Soviet Union against the secessionist provinces of Southern Kasai and Katanga, President Kasavubu dismissed him from office on 5th September 1960. This was the beginning of the end of the political life of Patrice Lumumba. The Congolese National Assembly disagreed with the decision of the president and ordered Lumumba back in power as prime minister. This did not happen since a faction of the Congolese army, under Colonel Mobutu, took over the government instead and put Lumumba under the house arrest under the protection of Ghanaian troops of the UN force. Lumumba managed to get out of the house arrest in Kinshasa and attempted to leave for Stanleyville, but he was arrested by an army patrol and held prisoner in a military camp at Thysville.

From the military camp, Lumumba was transferred to Elisabethville, Katanga on January 18, 1961 despite the presence of United Nations troops, he was picked up by a small group led by Katanga's interior minister, Godefroid Munongo. Lumumba was taken to a nearby house where he was assassinated.

Lumumba's assassination made him a symbol of struggle for champions of African nations' attempts to bond and set themselves free from the influence of the European Colonizers.

Patrice Émery Lumumba - South Africa history online

Why Patrice Lumumba Was a Threat

How the West Destroyed Congo’s Hopes for Independence

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[-] Carl@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

Maybe there's a Star Wars book that explains this that I haven't read, but in my head it works like this:

In Episode 1 Qui Gon says that he has "twenty thousand Republic daltarits (?)", which Watto calls "Republic Credits" and dismisses, saying he needs "something more real." This clearly communicates to me that the Republic officially uses a digital currency that merchants on planets like Tatooine don't trust. It being a digital currency also tracks with the fact that we know Qui Gon isn't carrying more than can fit in his robe pockets/tool belt, so it's probably some kind of credit chip that gets loaded with operational funds and given to Jedi who are on assignment, secured by some cryptographic measure that can only be decrypted at an officially sanctioned Republic bank.

now I'm imagining a Jedi Master having to fill out an expenditure form when they get back from a mission, lmao.

But what about the physical currency in Andor and The Mandolorian? Well, the distrust for Republican digital currency in the Outer Rim might be more materialistic than it initially seems. Hyperspace Travel is known in-universe to be somewhat unreliable, with ships needing to calculate their travel vectors right before launch and hyperspace lanes needing to be trailblazed in highly dangerous scouting missions. Those barriers form the physical limits of the Star Wars universe and make a centralized galactic banking system impossible to establish.

So how does a galaxy-spanning economy do business when banks on different planets can't reliably synchronize their books? Specie. At the end of A New Hope, we see Han Solo loading metal boxes onto a cart to take to his ship, boxes which the conversation implies to be his payment for helping to rescue Princess Leia. Someone like Han Solo, who travels from planet to planet and mostly in the Outer Rim, probably doesn't trust Republic/Imperial digital credits any more than Watto does, and both he and the Rebellion also have a preference for transactions that don't get logged in any digital ledger, so a payment in specie was the obvious way to go.

We see multiple kinds of hard currency in The Mandolorian's first episode, there's bricks of precious metal and squishy blocks of alien gelatin, and then there are Imperial credits. Imperial credits "still spend", but Mando clearly doesn't trust them, implying that their value has plummeted. What could account for this? Perhaps the Empire was trying to unite the specie-based outer rim economy with the digital core worlds economy by issuing its own physical currency that was directly tied to the digital currency's value.

Presumably, Imperial credits derived a certain amount of their value by fiat, likely because the Empire accepted them as payment for taxes, but with the Empire's collapse the value of Imperial credits dropped to their floor, the value of the metal that they were made from. We also know that the Empire minted multiple kinds of metal into currency, since Mando is paid for one of his jobs with imperial credits made from beskar which are clearly much more valuable than the normal ones, so some people left holding the Imperial Credits bag got shafted harder than others, further contributing to their reputation for volatility and unreliability.

Of course there's also the vault of physical currency in Andor Season 1, which is the payroll for every Imperial soldier and official in the sector. Since this planet's in the outer rim it fits with the model I've constructed, because Imperial workers stationed outside of the core worlds would prefer to be paid in a currency that they can spend on the local economy, and it's the height of the Empire so the credits have their full fiat value and not just their metal value. Another major plot in Andor is Mon Mothma's difficulty moving her money without attracting Imperial attention, a subplot which also fits in perfectly with my model of transactions in the core worlds being mostly done via digital ledgers.

All of this eventually leads to the New Republic which... we don't see. The only economy we see clearly depicted in the Sequel trilogy is on Jakku where salvagers like Rey are paid in "portions" by their boss. There's what looks like a marketplace near where Rey gets paid, so it's possible that the "portions" have a cash or commodity value and can be traded. It's also possible that the marketplace is owned by the same people reselling the salvage and it's essentially a company store. It definitely gives "third world workers doing shipbreaking for pennies" vibes, whatever the details are.

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[-] qcop@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

OK they've got to stop making Mamdani look so cool. https://xcancel.com/AGHamilton29/status/1939519248797204519

Do it Zohran seize the means.

[-] tocopherol@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

I love the comments saying "good thing NYC doesn't produce anything!" For reference:

NYC Metropolitan Area Exports Second Most Goods of Any U.S. Metropolitan Area

https://www.osc.ny.gov/files/reports/osdc/pdf/imports-and-exports-in-nyc.pdf

The New York City Metropolitan Area exported over $106 billion in goods in 2023, second only to the Houston Metropolitan Area (which is led by oil and gas), according to the latest data available from the International Trade Administration. Manhattan’s (New York County) exports exceeded $40 billion in 2023, the largest single county contributor to the metropolitan area’s total.

It's funny also how the 'means of production' in average westerners minds are just factories, nevermind the billions generated from finance capitalism.

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[-] hexaflexagonbear@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago
[-] wombat@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

it is july 2 and stalin saved the world from fascism

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[-] MF_COOM@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

Find someone who loves you as much as Lenin hated Kautsky

[-] CocteauChameleons@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

Kind of enjoy my job sometimes. On the mornings I work it just feels like I leave home to go down the street to another one. Its a shitty dive bar kitchen and yesterday I was blasting Italian mob movie music on my boom box while whipping shit up by myself. I love a job so much more when I'm the only one on aux, I can't stand working and having to hear like really bad autotune rap r&b or white people approved hip-hop or pop country or pop emo or radio rock or corporate playlists. At night time I'm playing mostly reggae, cumbia, samba, bossa nova, flamenco, salsa, merengue, and edm to fill the silence and everybody is fine with it.

[-] LocalOaf@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

The Avengers 4: Antman shrinks down to live inside the Hulk's ass and control him with wires and buttons and levers

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[-] john_browns_beard@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

"You shouldn't pop poison ivy blisters" words uttered by people who have never had their skin create what is essentially bubble wrap that regenerates hourly. It would almost be enjoyable if it weren't for the obvious downsides.

[-] whatnots@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

some kind of rat or mouse knawed a hole in my bathroom ceiling doggirl-gloom

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[-] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago

Growing older is mandatory, growing up is optional smuglord

[-] CocteauChameleons@hexbear.net 9 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

Why the hell would anyone spend more than a 100-200 dollars on a phone these days.

In 2018 I bought an Iphone 5c for a hundo and then I bought an Iphone 6 for a hundo in 2020. Then I bought an Iphone X in 2022 for 200 and it got smashed a month after which traumatized me into never spending 200 again. I bought an Iphone SE 2020 for a hundo 3 times since then because Im a clutz. Now I just bought a Galaxy A42 for a 120 and Im enjoying having a phone with good battery life

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[-] DengistDonnieDarko@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

The Cha-Cha Slide: a Marxist Analysis

[-] CrispyFern@hexbear.net 8 points 4 weeks ago
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[-] FunkyStuff@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

Distinguished megathread denizens,

I have acquired a Mageblood in Path of Exile gigachad

[-] Acute_Engles@hexbear.net 8 points 4 weeks ago
[-] Cowbee@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

Stop procrastinating reading, me... luffy-exhausted

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[-] RuthBaderGonesburg@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

Is Joe Biden still dying of butthole cancer?

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[-] mayakovsky@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

What if SaaS was socialism as a service instead

think-about-it

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[-] SterlingPooper@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

whatever man Bo Burnham told me yuor'e a virgin

[-] LanyrdSkynrd@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

I posted here about being hired at UPS, but I got screwed. The job posting and every email I got said it was a permanent position. When I show up for orientation they tell me it's not permanent, it's seasonal.

Since I only wanted the job because it was union with good benefits, I left. Seasonal work doesn't count towards seniority or the probationary period before you join the union.

I talked to a UPS employee who pointed out that they aren't allowed to hire non-union positions except during the holiday season. But I'd basically have to take the job and hope I get my 30 days before the holiday, then file a grievance and hope it's possible, since I wouldn't be union yet and the contract doesn't make clear if you can grieve that.

Sucks, but I'm making much more money doing gig work now, so I guess I can keep doing it and try again when a position opens. They're really overstaffed at UPS because they closed a bunch of locations so people are transferring.

[-] BodyBySisyphus@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

Welp the old jerb has finally jumped on the LLM bandwagon and now I gotta learn how to use these models. The basic models still seem laughably easy to break:

Looks like my job at the letter counting factory is still safe.

Edit: even when it gets it right, it's still wrong.

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[-] keepcarrot@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

Wandered across a part of the internet that thought Andor was bad because it lacks aliens and Jedi.

[-] TerminalEncounter@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago

Theres aliens actually like in it. Theres even a couple that let Andor and his prison buddy escape in season 1. Theres a force healer too, but she ain't a Jedi. Its kinda neat to see the secular side and Force believing side of the rebellion come into tension. Also Han Solo always thought Jedi were a myth but it never squared with them being quite active in the clone war, so I kinda like that theyre rare

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[-] MF_COOM@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

Find someone who loves you like white people love guitars

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[-] glimmer_twin@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

How are there still two days of the work week left man… I’m so tired

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[-] jjsandwich8@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

Nearly having a mental breakdown just because my brothers won’t clean their goddamn dishes. I fucking hate my brain lmao

[-] EstraDoll@hexbear.net 8 points 3 weeks ago

i don't really even know what this stuff is but i've been smearing big globs of it on bread and eating it and holy FUCK it's addictingly delicious wtf

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[-] Keld@hexbear.net 7 points 4 weeks ago

You claim to not believe in electoralism yet you upvote your own posts? Smdh

[-] KuroXppi@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago

If pooping were a crime I'd be public enemy number #1 screm-cool

[-] RION@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago

I always check the APY on my bank account and for months it hasn't changed and it makes me feel silly... Until today.

Capital One thought they could sneak a 0.10% decrease past me the fuckers. I will become back my money (aka probably do nothing)

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[-] Euergetes@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago

do you think morrowind could be "remastered"? i don't think i could accept an unreal engine version of vanilla morrowind, even if it 'modernized' everything. morrowind is the game you get to go from Anvil to Necrom, its not a game about vvardenfel anymore

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[-] KuroXppi@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago

Fiji: 'we're not worried about China's military presence in the SCS'

Australia: 'yes you are'

[-] XxFemboy_Stalin_420_69xX@hexbear.net 7 points 3 weeks ago* (last edited 3 weeks ago)

dean-frown im sick, probably with the new covid variant given my symptoms

dean-smile i get to spend the afternoon reading losurdo's book on stalin and then getting stoned instead of working

also do we have emojis of this meme? that's what i was looking for but couldn't find it

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this post was submitted on 30 Jun 2025
82 points (100.0% liked)

chapotraphouse

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